More than 92% MAGs in this study were not contained in 2,985 MAGs previously reported from other 22 non-human primates (NHPs), expanding the microbial diversity in guts of NHPs. Most members of Bacteroidota, Spirochaetota, Helicobacteraceae, Lactobacillaceae and Anaerovibrio significantly decreased in guts of chronic diarrhea RMs. Comparing to MAGs of Campylobacter from humans, distributions and functions of these MAGs of Campylobacter from RMs exhibited significant differences. MAGs of Campylobacter and Helicobacteraceae from RM guts mainly carried flagella-associated virulence genes and chemotaxis-associated virulence genes, which might mediate motility and adhesion of bacteria. More than 97% MAGs were novel genomes compared with more than 250,000 reference genomes. In total of 731 non-redundant MAGs with at least 80% completeness were reconstructed in this study. In this study, we performed de novo assembly of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) based on fecal metagenomes from chronic diarrheal RMs and asymptomatic individuals.
However, it is still unclear about more features of gut microbiome as responsible for intestinal health of RMs. Gut microbiomes play key roles in maintaining intestinal health of RMs. Rhesus macaque (RM, Macaca mulatta), as an important model animal, commonly suffers from chronic diarrheal disease, challenging the breeding of RMs.
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